Linux
1. Linux Fundamentals
- Linux history and distributions
- Linux file system hierarchy (FHS)
- Shell basics (Bash/Zsh)
- File and directory management
- Permissions and ownership
- Process management
- Package management (APT, YUM, DNF)
- System documentation (man, info)
2. Advanced Shell and Scripting
- Bash scripting fundamentals
- Shell variables and environment
- Conditionals and loops
- Functions and script structuring
- Text processing (grep, awk, sed)
- Cron jobs and scheduling
- Debugging and optimization
3. System Administration
- User and group management
- Disk management and filesystems (ext4, xfs)
- Mounting and fstab
- Swap management
- System monitoring (top, htop, vmstat)
- Log management (syslog, journald)
- Time management (NTP, timedatectl)
4. Process and Service Management
- systemd and systemctl
- Service units and targets
- Process priorities (nice, renice)
- Background and foreground jobs
- Signals and process control
5. Networking Fundamentals
- OSI and TCP/IP models
- IP addressing and subnetting
- DNS concepts
- Routing basics
- Network interfaces (ip, ifconfig)
- Ports and sockets
- Network troubleshooting (ping, traceroute, netstat, ss)
6. Advanced Networking
- Firewalls (iptables, nftables)
- VPN concepts (IPSec, OpenVPN, WireGuard)
- Load balancing basics
- Reverse proxies (Nginx, HAProxy)
- Network namespaces
- Traffic control (tc)
- Packet analysis (tcpdump, Wireshark)
7. Security and Hardening
- Linux security principles
- File permissions and ACLs
- SSH hardening
- Firewall configuration
- SELinux / AppArmor
- Intrusion detection (Fail2Ban, auditd)
- Encryption (GPG, OpenSSL)
- Vulnerability management
8. Storage and Filesystems
- RAID concepts and setup
- LVM (Logical Volume Manager)
- Network storage (NFS, SMB)
- Object storage concepts
- Backup strategies
- Snapshotting
- Disk performance tuning