Code-Memo

Disk management and filesystems (ext4, xfs)

Identify disks and partitions

lsblk -f
sudo fdisk -l
sudo blkid

Partitioning

Common tools:

fdisk / gdisk (MBR/GPT)
parted (scriptable, GPT-friendly)

Example (interactive):

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Create filesystems

ext4:

sudo mkfs.ext4 -L data /dev/sdb1

xfs:

sudo mkfs.xfs -L data /dev/sdb1

Tune / inspect

sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sdb1         # ext*
sudo xfs_info /mnt/data           # xfs (mounted)

Quick notes: ext4 vs xfs

ext4: broadly compatible, simple tooling, good default
xfs: strong for large filesystems and parallel I/O; uses xfs_repair

Safety tips

Double-check device names (/dev/sdX) before formatting
Prefer by-id or UUID= in mounts to avoid renaming surprises